Structures of Interviews

Interviews

Interview Styling :

Interviews have all different styles in which they are presented depending on the topic they could be for entertainment purposes.
Hard News
Combative
Light-Hearted
Entertainment
Investigative
Promotional


Hard News Interview:
An example of hard news would be most news reports on at night. This is known as hard news as its the important news, this is because it is the one that consist of all the information and facts about recent events which are usually negative and including tragedies and/or death. For example the BBC, ITV and CHANNEL 4. A hard news reports purpose is a longer detailed story on television to expose any events, people or topics. This is designed to inform the reader. They all have a particle structure, short and snappy sentence structure, enthusiasm in there voice, each paragraphs develops a thought or opinion before moving on to the next, never includes certain grammar ("I", "we").


Light-Hearted Interview:
A light hearted style of ­interview is an interview that is done in a relaxed and casual manner. However this does not necessarily mean the subject matter isn’t very serious but the way the interview and interviewee go about talking about it isn’t very dull and serious. The aim for this style of interviewing is to put the interviewee at ease and it may also be used for an emotional or personal interview. Not to forget, this could cause trust to form between the interview and interviewee meaning more information about the subject will be exposed. As well as drawing in the attention of the audience as they may be able to watch it better without finding it dull and boring.


Entertainment Interview:
Interviews are adapted and composed in order to create entertainment for the viewers at home, This results in more people watching and as well as exposing information about the subject they are also being entertained in the process. Some times entertainment news can be known as 'Gossip' when the paper right up a story or interview. This is because, it nothing serious its usually information about celebrities or the interview is being nosy when interviewing someone, resulting in 'gossip' being exposed about this celebrity.


Investigative Interview:
When conduct and interview or building a news report. People may be working on such stories for months or even years in some cases. This means that, people such as journalists in preparation for an up-and-coming interview will research and investigate deeply into the subject matter in order to prepare the interviewer for the interview to insure they have the correct information to successfully build a news report. Investigative journalist are hired specifically for this job. This is because, the task is very time consuming due to the amount of information that needs to be uncovered and exposed. This means that, they may focus on this one topic for a certain length of time. Not to forget, the stories that are investigated into this much depth are usually very important and have significant impact on the public due to the content they include. When moving on to the interview stages the reporter will have prepared questions to continue finding out information and investigating in the situation to then help the journalist. This means that, these interviews are very important and the interviews can sometimes end dup heated and tense due to the subject matter and its importance the interviewee as well as the news and public.


Promotional Interview:
When a company introduces a new product and want to ensure everyone sees or hears about this product they market it very well by putting it in magazines, adverts and posters. Another good method of marketing would be to have an interview with the executive of the business, this would result in the people seeing exactly who is in charge of this product, thus increasing popularity for this product. To conduct an interview about this matter its usually

Interview Techniques:

There are several different types of questions that can be asked throughout the course of an interview, These questions could be some of the following:
Open
Closed
Multiple
Direct
Suggestive




Open Question:
An open question is used very commonly in simplistic interviews that are simply about finding out information, This is because they are very open to interpretation. For example, an open question would be "What do you think about he two candidates in this election" This is an open question because there is a million possible answers. The interviewer is not suggesting an answer or not giving room for detail the interviewer is asking a very open minding question resulting in their being several outcomes. Interviewers may use this technique two get an insight into the person they are interviewing as this then gives the interviewer a hint of how this person views the circumstances and what there opinions are before moving forward with the interview.


Closes Question:
A closes question is used when the interviewer wants the interviewee to answer one of two ways. For example "You support politics don't you". This kind of question usually is followed up by an open question but the interviewer may include a closed question first to find out weather or not this interviewee is even interested in a particular subject that the interviewer wants to discuss.


Multiple Questions:


Direct Questions


Suggestive Questions:

Interview Structure:

An interview is usually always presented in the same way:
Introduction
Development
Confidence Building
Key Questions
Sound Bites
Summary
Wind Up


This is what most professional interviewers use as a guideline for what order they are going to present there questions to their interviewee.


Introduction:
When conducting and interview to an audience you are going to introduce yourself along with the interviewee to the audience so everyone at home or watching online knows who is involved in this interview. You then may briefly summarize the topic to the audience and viewers to ensure they are aware of what this interview is going to be based around and what sort of topics will be discussed throughout.


Development:
A development question is one of the very beginning questions. This question is almost like a warm up question following on from the introduction. This means that, this question is going to be pretty basic and simplistic. This is because, when starting off an interview with light hearted questions it results in the interviewee trusting you more not to twist and take advantage of the answer.


Confidence:
A confidence building question is in the middle area of the interview. This question is important as instead of asking simplistic questions you are beginning to dig deeper and get into more depth. This results in the interviewees answers being more useful as the interviewers begins to unravel more information. Confidence building questions are important because following on from this you have Key Questions. To ensure you get the correct and appropriate answers in that section you must as an interviewer continue to ease in the interviewee in to the more challenging questions to come.


Key Questions:
These are the most important questions in the interview. This is because, this is where the interwar can start to uncover the information hat will make this interview interesting and purposeful. This is because, so far the interviewer has been asking little questions in order to gain the interviewees trust in order to get them to answer these questions without hesitation. This is when many interviews become heated and entertaining for viewers.


Sound Bites:
Sound bites are clips of sounds that have been inserted in the editing stages of the interviewer before it goes on air. They include sound bites because, they may need to include an audience reaction or include an voice over from a previous interview in order to back up the interviewers argument etc. An example of this would be in the Television Interviewer that  recently watched that lasted 4minuites and 4 second. At 1 minute and 35 seconds in there was a sound bite.


Summary:
A Summery is conducted in a very simplistic way. For example, a summary is when the interviewer concludes the interview, This is done by summarizing the previous events and simply having a light hearted chat about what they had discussed before moving on to the wind-up.


Wind Up:
A Wind-up is the very end of the interview. This is when both parties thank each other for the points and presents in the interview and end on some light hearted jokes to conclude the interview and insure there friendship is still intact. This is because, throughout an interview can become very heated causing the interviewer and interviewee to feel a bit tensional at the end so ending on some jokes then clears the air and keeps there friendship.

Mean World Syndrome 

Mean world syndrome is violence portrayed through media. This means that, in every change of the channel we are often exposed to something violent or rude. Due to what we see in the media we automatically judge people we see at night or we don't want to walk down the street at night. For example, a boy walking down the street at night with his hood up could represent a gang member or someone who is going to trouble you. But in most cases this is not true, he may be walking to the bus stop and is simply just cold? Although, due to what we see on television our instincts now tell us that he is dangerous.

Statistics  show that people who watch more television are more afraid than people who watch less television. This is because, the people who watch the television more see the horrible stories on the news and watch the horrible programmes that stereotype 'criminals' making us afraid to see certain people when we are on the street. This results in fear and mean world syndrome. Whenever watching the news we see more violence and horrible stories that positive stories. This is because, ITV and BBC want to engage their viewers, they want everyone to watch and pay attention using horrid stories accomplishes this as people are nosy and want to see what is going on and where to see if it effects them. Whereas, doing a story on the field with a million flowers will bore people as they are not interested or do not care.

Mean world syndrome ends up making the public resent the government and the world in general as we blame the government for all of our problems.

Moral Panic

The television programme such as the news often expose people to horrific stories. For example, Charlie Brookers News wipe. This clip shows the news talking about a gun shooting in a local school. For starters this creates mean world syndrome. Following on from this the news shows clips of this man at a bank and playing ping pong? This is not needed as we do not see a clear image of his face all this is doing is creating moral panic. This results in, people thinking that everyone with the same back of the head as this mass murder is now going to kill or harm you.

Including photography of the killer and making the news story 24 hour coverage, as well as making the killer famous will make things so much worse. This is because, when its blown up and intense coverage of a story there is usually more in the following week due to how famous this killer now is. Whereas, if the news story was just exposed to the surrounding community and then made boring to the rest of the world then maybe no one else would copy because its boring and didn't attract any attention. Panicking and exposing all information will simply only make things worse.